Weaving long- warps



unirsi) srArn's PA NrI OFFICE.

JOHN C. SMITH, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

WEAVING LONG WARPS.

Specification of Letters Patent No.

To all w/wm t may concern Be it known that I, Jol-IN C. SMITH, of North Hartford, county of Litchiield, and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Manufacturing Cloths; and I do hereby declare that the same as described and represented in the following specification and drawings is sullicient to enable others skilled in the art to make and use it.

I will proceed to describe the construction and operation, referring to the drawings, in which the same letters indicate like parts in each of the figures.

rIhe nature of my invention consists in so constructing and arranging the machinery as to entirely dispense with the use of the yarn beam, by using the yarn directly from the spools or reel, if it is desired, or from boxes, and thereby produce what may be called an endless warp and also a piece of cloth of any desirable length.

Figure l. A is one of any number of spools of yarn which may be desired to make up any number of threads that may be wanted to weave into a piece of cloth of any given width, which are arranged on a creel or slat frame having pins projecting horizontally therefrom on which the spools turn as the yarn is drawn off. B is a metallio perforated plate through which the yarn is drawn,isaid perforations to be of such size as to allow the yarn to draw through easily. D, D, are rollers secured in what is called a warp frame, in which the warp in the ordinary way is wound upon the beam. E is a stud or shaft to which the strap or band F is attached at one end and brought up over the top roller D, at the ends and secured to the lever G, on which are placed weights II, the object of which is to give sufficient draft upon the warp to overcome any resistance which may occur from a knot or bunch in the yarn and to give the required amount of tension and evenness to the warp, each thread of which passes through one of the perforated holes in the plate B, so that should there be a knot or bunch in one of the threads larger than will pass freely through the holes it will break, which will require the attention of the per son in charge of the machine to see that it is properly mended. I, I, are rollers to guide the work upward and over the machinery operating below. F, shows the V1- bratmg frame having its bearings upon the 16,029, dated November 4, 1856.

shaft and at each end of the roller I, and having two rollers L, L, at the lower end of said frame. The rollers I, I, and L, L, are to guide and move the work forward. N1 shows a crank upon the end of a shaft and also a pulley by which the crank is operated. N2 and N3 show two arms secured to a shaft at nearly right angles with each other. OX O are connecting rods by which the vibrating motion is produced by securing the connecting rod OX to N1 and N2, also securing the connecting rod O to l 3 and to the vibrating frame. P is a box which is made to move back and forth on rollers Q, Q, at right angles with the vibrating motion by means of a screw operated by two belts, one an open belt the other a cross belt. The belts made to change their position from the tight to the loose pulley by the movement of the boX from one end to the other by striking a project-ing pin in the belt shipper. Motion is directly given to the machine by belt upon the pulley secured to the roller shaft DX, also from the same roller shaft to the pulley M. Also motion is given by belt or otherwise from the roller shaft DX to the pulley on shaft IX from IX to JX from IX to L. By this means the object is accomplished of taking the yarn from the reel or spools through the perforated plate B, over the roller C, thence down under and between and up from the roller D, D, thence through the rollers I, I, and onward between the rollers I, I, thence down between the rollers L, L, and is laid lengthwise in the box, and when once across the box the boX is caused to move the width of the yarn while the vibrating frame is moving from one side to the other, and so on continuously until the boX is filled. By this operation the yarn is smooth and evenly laid without twist or kink and remains in good condition to be removed to and introduced into the loom at any time as may be desired. (The above relates particularly to Fig. l.)

In Fig. 2 is shown what is called a hold back motion or arrangement consisting of three rollers A, A, A, with friction straps or bands X, levers B, and weights C. The levers B have their bearings upon the roller shaft AX. D, is a roll placed so as to bring the yarn nearly into a perpendicular line with the back of the loom or with the roller E, which is placed in the back end of t-he loom and near the floor. F, F, is what is called a takeup motion. It consists of two round bars of iron bent at each end into the form of a crank and welded together so as to form bearings on which it may turn, having somewhat the appearance of a two arm reel. The boxes in which it turns are placed at such distance down from the top of the loom as to bring the upper portion FX in the range of the harness through which the yarn passes in the weaving process. GrX is a lever attached to the shank of the take up motion at one end inside the bearings. H is girth of the loom over which the cloth draws as it is woven in front of the loom. The rollers R, R, are designed for friction rollers through which the cloth passes as it is woven, so that by so doing a piece of cloth of any desirable length may be made and eut therefrom without stopping the loom.

'Ihe loom being put in readiness the box P, is placed so as to take the yarn therefrom up over the top roller A, and around the middle roller A and forward to the roller D, thence down to the roller E, and through the take-up motion F, F, and through the harness in the usual manner, and made fast .in the ordinary way as is usually done previous to commencing the weaving operation.

The design of the hold back motion is to do away entirely with the use of the yarn beam. By this arrangement the changing of weights is entirely removed. Theweights once fixed will answer as long as the same kind of yarn is used.

It is sometimes necessary for various reasons to take up or draw back the cloth so as to pick out imperfections in the illing woven in some inches in length. For this purpose the take-up motion F, F, is arranged and it will be easily seen that by pushing back the lever GX and weighting it or otherwise securing it all necessary repairs in the cloth may be made and the filling woven in again without changing or slacking the hold-back motion by easing up the lever of the hold-back motion (the weaving commences) until the slack is taken up in the weaving.

I do not claim a carriage traveling at right angles with a warping frame carrying the beam so that the warp may be laid in a regular succession of layers as received thereon, for I am aware that such is not new; nor do I claim dispensing with a warp beam in manufacturing cloth, for I am aware that cloth has been woven with yarns for the warp taken directly from spools; but

What I do claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isq A box arranged substantially in the manner and operated by t-he mechanism herein described, in combination with the arrangement for dispensing with the warp beam, as described, for the purpose of laying the warp inV a regular, smooth ysuccession of layers evenly, that the boX may give out the warp, free from twists or tangles.

JOHN C. SMITH. [1.. s] llitnesses:

N. STACKWEATHER, HENRY FRANCIS. 

